Chocolate Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Chocolate - Research Paper Example It assumed a basic job in the Aztec and Maya strict and regal occasions. Cocoa seeds in local America were utilized as a contribution to gods, just as serving chocolate drinks in sacrosanct events. The American pioneers from Europe stuffed and improved it through the expansion of milk and refined sugar, two fixings that were not known to the Native Americans. Conversely, they didn't implant it into their eating routine, albeit, later, it was incorporated into their pastries and desserts (Drowne and Patrick 27). It was in the eighteenth century that John Cadbury thought of the procedure of emulsification to make strong chocolate, which was the start of the cutting edge chocolate bar. While cocoa was, initially from the Americas, West Africa, today, creates over 65% of the cocoa on the planet, half of which is planted in Cote separate. The chocolate business in the United States shapes some portion of the biggest food and refreshment organizations. They are accountable for the assembli ng of cacao beans, the offer of crude chocolate, and the assembling of other chocolate related items (Allen 67). The chocolate business has experienced various changes in both creation and market inclines throughout the years, which influence the business in either a positive and negative way. Creation Based on the cocoa crushing reports discharged for cocoa dealers, which was delivered by the NCA in participation with the New York Board of exchange, the granulating in the principal quarter added up to 119,022 metric tons - a decline of 4.04 percent (5,006 mt) more than 2011. The Unites States showcase on chocolate or candy remains in a flimsy position. In North America, there has been a 2% decline since quarter 3 of every 2011 (124,621 metric tons) (Taylor and Akila 43). There is a somewhat diminished interest for chocolate in the market presently which implies the makers need to address where the difficult falsehoods. Cocoa, which started in South America, was first planted in the US province of Hawaii by William Hillenbrand, a German doctor, in 1850. While cocoa was for quite some time considered, as a harvest to be developed in the estates, the greatest test in the American market has been bringing in cash from it (Taylor and Akila 50). The plant is fit to the atmosphere in Hawaii, in spite of the fact that it is dubious to develop, requiring a great deal of skill in chocolate preparing. Rivalry with minimal effort makers in South America, Africa, and different nations isn't simple since Hawaii has significant expenses of work and land. In any case, Hawaii cocoa has been demonstrated as a gourmet item for which a purchaser can follow through on premium costs. Neighborhood cocoa ranchers can likewise pick up included an incentive through the making of homestead visits around the prevalently romanticized item (Taylor and Akila 50). As of now, dried cocoa seed deals, likewise alluded to as cocoa beans, is assessed at an expense of $200,000 consistently depend ent on creation per section of land evaluated for fifty sections of land, just as a cost of $2.47 dry bean value a pound (Taylor and Akila 52). A lot higher deals can be determined by those grower who process their item into chocolate at costs of around $40 a pound for retail. Industry development, without extension on a ranch scale, in the course of the most recent couple of years, has been from little homesteads with a couple of these ranches having preparing plants for their cocoa. Advances throughout the most recent ten years have expanded the financial sense in the handling of chocolate from cocoa taking things down a notch sans specific

Theory of human motivation

Hypothesis of human inspiration Abraham Maslow Abraham Maslow is viewed as one of the most persuasive analysts of nineteenth century, and one of the main experts in humanistic brain research. Humanistic Psychology is a part of brain research with center around human conduct. Other than the Theory of Human Motivation work that put him in spotlight, he had composed different celebrated work in the field of brain research. A portion of his different works are, Eupsychian Management, brain research of science and Motivation and Personality (Hoffman, 1990). In 1967 because of the impact that his work on hypothesis of human inspiration had in the field of brain research he was granted the title Humanist of the Year by the American Humanist Association (Hoffman, 1990). At the tallness of his vocation Abraham Maslow served in different expert limits. He was a senior instructor at Brooklyn College in the staff of brain science. He was a teacher and the executive at Brandeis University in the division of brain research for right around two decades since 1951. At the hour of his demise in 1970 he was an individual at the Laughlin Institute (Hoffman, 1990). In any case, the heritage that Abraham Maslow left behind will positively outlast him. Today his work on Hierarchy of Needs as contained in principle of human inspiration is trained worldwide in study halls and his name is interchangeable with Hierarchy of Needs. In fact the ideas on Theory of Human Motivation and order of requirements as he characterized them are not, at this point restricted to the field of brain research however are progressively being remembered for some other shifted disciplines. During the time that he was an instructor at Brooklyn College Abraham Maslow thoughts on human practices were impacted by individual analyst in a similar school (Hoffman, 1990). Be that as it may, it was not until when he become the teacher at Brandeis University that Abraham Maslow at long last had the option to draft the thought behind hypothesis of human inspiration. It was while at Brandeis University that Abraham Maslow met Kurt Goldstein. Kurt Goldstein had propelled the idea of self realization which he had before distributed in a book called Organism (Hoffman, 1990). It is this idea that had shaped the system of hypothesis of inspiration that Abraham Maslow was examining on (Hoffman, 1990). In 1943 Theory of Human Motivation was first distributed in the Psychological audit diary. Later he would compose a few different books dependent on the hypothesis, for example, Towards a Psychological of Being and the Further Reaches of Human Nature (Hoffman, 1990).. Abraham Maslows Theory of Motivation gave an important knowledge to human needs prerequisite level that had already not been considered. All the more significantly his exploration work was on brain research field of human conduct that throughout the years had not produced new thoughts. The Theory of Human Motivation introduced a new methodology on which human conduct was examined. The intensity of Maslows Theory of Human Motivation was its effortlessness and significance. Maslow utilized a graph to exhibit the different degrees of human needs that was clarified in his hypothesis which he alluded as pecking order of requirements (Hoffman, 1990). The outcome was a brief structure that laid out a people need and significance at each phase of life. These requirements are characterized as, Physiological necessities, security needs, social needs, regard needs and self-realization (Hoffman, 1990). Physiological necessities are the first and the most significant that an individual requires, for example, food, sanctuary and garments however are not restricted to this. They are those necessities that must be met for life to be endurable. Security needs are those that come after physiological needs. They incorporate such necessities, for example, work fulfillment, security and money related opportunity. The wellbeing needs are in two sections what fulfill the physical and which fulfill passionate requirements (Hoffman, 1990). After wellbeing needs comes social needs which are completely enthusiastic. In this classification an individual needs are kinships, love among others, and for reasons unknown at this level these necessities are critical to an individual. At that point regard needs comes from that point, they are simply any semblance of societal position, regard, acknowledgment, and achievement, this class also serves to satisfy the passionate prerequisites. The last level in progressive system of need is self-completion which comes after the various needs have been met. In this level an individual looks to have intelligence rather than information, questions the significance of life and qualities, for example, truth and equity are fundamental to his life. This is the most noteworthy and the last classification of enthusiastic needs (Hoffman, 1990). It's as simple as that the hypothesis of inspiration as inquired about and progressed by Abraham Maslow in synopsis. Anyway the effect and ramifications of Maslows hypothesis of human inspiration were far and wide. Today hypothesis of Human inspirations is applied in such a significant number of segments and trains worldwide to impact human conduct (Deckers, 2009). Also that it is currently a significant control and a territory of study utilized by educators to give abilities to future experts so they can utilize a similar hypothesis so as to all the more likely oversee individuals. The magnificence behind hypothesis of human inspiration is in its capacity to plainly verbalize the different degree of human need with key explicit needs at each level. Along these lines the capacity to impact conduct, through inspiration for example has been disentangled to a lot Powerful orator utilize this idea to change authoritative conduct in a work place. An inspirational talk is a calling that has as of late come up to address the difficulties looked by cutting edge associations. The reason for an inspiration speaker in an association is to rouse positive conduct change among the workers. The need to persuade and emphatically change representative conduct has progressively turning into an issue important to the authoritative pioneers for two significant reasons. Premier representative inspiration will build work profitability and in this manner in general association efficiency, other than a persuaded worker accomplishes work fulfillment and is probably going to remain at work for long time. This is significant for the association since it decreases the enrollment and preparing costs that are typically connected with high pace of worker turnover. Number two, inspiration talks is significant in changing the association culture. So as to change hierarchical culture representative conduct must be affected decidedly. Maslow hypothesis of inspiration has empowered these prerequisites to be met in a work place (Deckers, 2009). This is on the grounds that a persuasive orator can utilize the pecking order of requirements to figure out which needs are vital to affecting positive conduct change. Since inspiration is attached to an individual necessity change in close to home needs will likewise bring about difference in inspiration levels. In this manner an association can accomplish it needs and the need of worker simultaneously. Another region that Maslows hypothesis of human inspiration is applied is in administration the board. A hierarchical pioneer should have the option to viably propel representatives at work place alongside coordinating and dealing with the worker. In fact representative inspiration is presently vital to association achievement and positions of authority. The need of having inspired representative at work place is one of principal significance. In current association arrangement worker inspiration is an accomplishment that association effectively bolsters for it to stay serious and gainful. Administrators know about this and utilize the Maslow hypothesis of human inspiration, without a doubt various administration books has been composed on inspiration at working environment. The authoritative inspiration distributions creators decipher Maslows human inspiration hypothesis in setting of work place condition (Deckers, 2009). Yet, Maslows hypothesis for human inspiration isn't just restricted in associations representatives inspiration. In brain science the possibility of human inspiration has been progressed by a few different therapists utilizing the hypothesis as a standard to their investigations. One such investigation was finished via Carl Rogers, a clinician who built up a helpful mental procedure of treating intellectually upset people. The belief system behind the Client-focused Therapy was acquired from the human inspiration idea (Hoffman, 1990). Treatment is empowered through a procedure that manages the patients to recognize significant individual prerequisite by expelling mental deterrents that forestall this accomplishment. Progressive system of requirements is a significant instrument that an individual can use to survey where a people life has reached. This is significant in managing a person to the way of joy and fulfillment since an individual will have the option to evaluate the requirements that are generally significant at each level (Valdez, 1998). Maslows different chips away at field of humanistic brain research really addresses individual bliss. In his depiction of Peak Experiences Maslow discloses that for this to happen an individual must accomplish the self-completion phase of life (Valdez, 1998). Pinnacle Experiences alludes to specific snapshots of time when an individual encounters remarkable feeling of bliss, harmony, satisfaction and fulfillment throughout everyday life. For a considerable length of time fundamental needs have been characterized in three levels in particular yet now after Maslows pecking order of requirements the right setting where an individual needs happens have at long last been found. Other new distributions and research on human inspirations have enhanced the ideas on which Maslow based his distributions. As years pass by Maslow hypothesis of human Motivation will keep on being generally perused and embraced in a scope of other new up and coming orders. Maslow hypothesis of human inspirations like other logical research developments didn't get away from analysis from individual researchers. Without a doubt all things considered, hypothesis of human inspirations had it restrictions, as Abraham Maslow once agreed that the hypothesis was just intended to shape a structure for which different investigations ought to be done to enhance it (Hoffman, 1990). Among the analysis that is had been coordinated to this hypothesis is its powerlessness to exp

Bragging Writes College Essay Contest First Runner-Up

Bragging Writes College Essay Contest First Runner-Up Bragging Writes College Essay Contest First Runner-Up Bragging Writes College Essay Contest First Runner-Up Summer Allen is the First Runner-Up in CEA’s Bragging Writes college essay contest. She tells a story of swashbuckling intellectual curiosity as she spends one summer racing her father to the finish of Robinson Crusoe. Summer’s submission is the perfect example of how a great essay can come out of a small, personal life event. The humorous tone immediately speaks to her personality, while the story reveals unique, specific information about her intellectual history and family relationships. The vivid telling of this tale makes her seem like someone who would be fun to spend time with, and we’re sure her future classmates at the University of Virginia will be able to confirm this. Open my copy of Robinson Crusoe carelessly, and a note will flutter out from its hiding place. Its not a business card, or a receipt (typically my bookmarks of choice); its a card from my dads stationary. Written near the top in a messy middle schoolers scrawl are the words You were wrong! Mwha-ha-ha! This note marks my victory in the unofficial book race of 2009. That summer, my dad and I decided to read Robinson Crusoe at the same time. It quickly turned into a competition of who could finish it first. I remember curling up in my chair for hours on end, reading feverishly. During the day while Dad worked, I would surge ahead; after my bedtime, he would catch up. One day, much to my chagrin, I discovered he had passed me by several chapters. I flipped to my bookmark and found a note. It read Youll never catch me now! Intent on finishing first, I read the way my dad would drive me in the go-kart: impossibly fast. Triumphant only began to describe my emotions as I finished the last sentence and wrote my dad a note of my own. Though elated to finally beat my dad at something, victory is not all I remember. Besides leaving each other notes, we discussed the story together. Wed chat about Crusoe and his parrot, Poll, about Friday and the cannibals (horror upon horrors for a 6th grader!). It was our inside joke, as we discussed the plot while mom and younger sisters had no clue what we were talking about. Now we keep Robinson Crusoe on the fancy bookshelf: the antique wooden one with a glass door and rusty key. As I look back on that summer six years later, a little older, a little wiser, I realize what an ingenious idea it was. Give a girl who reads everything a book, a challenge, and a little time, and shell thrive. My parents saw the spark and fueled my passion for learning by providing me with the best kindling available-a classical education, a sense of curiosity, and loads of books. I might not race through adventure novels with my dad now, but that intellectual fire still burns bright. I still love challenging myself, whether it be mentally or physically. I still thirst for knowledge, whether it come from devouring books or exploring the world around me. But the most important lesson I learned that summer remains with me to this day: never read about cannibals right before bed.  -Summer Allen, 2015 Read the second runners-up. Read the winning Ivy League essay! About Thea HogarthView all posts by Thea Hogarth »

Movie, Troy, By Wolfgang Petersen - 1273 Words

Film adaptations often do a less than adequate job of representing the book off of which they are based. Occasionally, a director with the correct vision and drive will produce a movie that leaves the audience screaming for more. One must take a step back and decide whether it is more important for a movie to be entertaining, or follow the plot of the book from which its story is taken. In the 2004 film Troy, by Wolfgang Petersen, the story, although interesting, fails to correctly follow the plot of Homer’s The Iliad in multiple instances. From the overall timeline of the story to the main focus and character development, much creative license was taken in the production. While the movie is certainly fantastic, many differences exist between its main focus and that of The Iliad. The Iliad opens with the Achaeans approaching the Trojan shore. Speaking to Agamemnon from across the water is a priest of Apollo. He is asking the â€Å"lord of men† to return his daughter Chr yseis. When Agamemnon refuses, the priest prays to Apollo and asks him to exchange his tears for arrows. Agamemnon’s disrespect for the priest results in massacre for the Achaean’s at the hands of Apollo. He takes his bow and rains plague down on their troops, killing them in droves, â€Å"Over against the ships he dropped to a knee, let fly a shaft and a terrifying clash rang out from the great silver bow [†¦] launching a piercing shaft at the men themselves† (Book 1. ll,55-58). This clearly shows a great example ofShow MoreRelatedInfluence of Iliad to Troy851 Words   |  4 PagesFirst off, Homers Iliad was the main source of influence for Wolfgang Petersens film, Troy. However, even though it is directly influenced by the poem, Troy does not stay true to the poem for the entire movie. Some major differences between Homers Iliad and Wolfgang Petersens film Troy, is that there was no mention of the Gods being participants in the battle of Troy. This was a major plot point in Homers Iliad, as the Gods who fought on the battlefield had somewhat of an influence on the outcomeRead MoreTroy vs. the Iliad Essay1398 Words   |  6 Pagesoriginal. Last May, Wolfgang Petersen directed a movie based on the Iliad. This movie, Troy, has proven to be a very loose adaptation of Homers original, as are almost all stories that are made into movies, unfortunately. With its timeless storyline, amazing scenery, gorgeous actors/actresses and most of all, its reported two hundred million dollar budget, it is easy to see why Troy was hyped up to be a box office hit. However, the film critics were harsh on this movie, as they had every rightRead More Troy vs. The Iliad Essays1385 Words   |  6 PagesTroy vs. The Iliad Over the thousands of years that the epic story the Iliad has survived, there has no doubt been some form of alteration to Homer’s original. Last May, Wolfgang Petersen directed a movie based on the Iliad. This movie, Troy, has proven to be a very loose adaptation of Homer’s original, as are almost all stories that are made into movies, unfortunately. With its timeless storyline, amazing scenery, gorgeous actors/actresses and most of all, its reported two hundred millionRead MoreTroy Movie Review1224 Words   |  5 PagesTroy directed by Wolfgang Petersen 2004 The movie Troy is about the conflict between the Greek city-states, led by Agamemnon, and Troy, ruled by Priam. These two have this conflict because Paris, Prince of Troy, fell in love with Helen, wife of Menelaus who is Agamemnon’s brother and king of Sparta, and took her back to Troy against the wishes of his brother, Hector, who, with his father, had been trying for years to make peace with Sparta and had finally gotten that peace. Agamemnon had recentlyRead MoreEssay on Was Troy The Movie Accurate According To Homer?1791 Words   |  8 PagesWas Troy the Movie Accurate According to Homer? Did the movie Troy, released in 2004, accurately depict the story of Homers epic poems the Iliad and the Odyssey, and was it a good movie from a critical point of view? I think it was a good movie from an entertainment standpoint, but it fell short in its comparison to Homers epics. As a fan of epic movies, I have watched the movie Troy a couple of times. In comparing the movie to the epic, there are various discrepancies betweenRead MoreComparing Homer s Iliad With Wolfgang Petersen s Film Troy Essay2192 Words   |  9 PagesIn my response I am going to compare Homer’s Iliad with Wolfgang Petersen’s film Troy. The points I am going to compare are the fight between Paris and Menelaus, the role of the gods, the death of Patroclus and the fight between Hector and Achilles. The Iliad is an epic poem consisting of 23 books by Homer, which focuses on 50 days in the ninth year of the Trojan War, whereas the movie Troy directed by Wolfgang Petersen tells the whole 10 year story of the myth. The Trojan War happened in the BronzeRead MoreTroy By Wolfgang Petersen And Homer s Historic Epic Iliad1828 Words   |  8 PagesThe 2004 film Troy by Wolfgang Petersen and Homer’s historic epic Iliad both center on the Trojan War between the Achaeans and the Trojans, but with two distinct differences in coverage. During Homer’s era, these heroes, the great Achilles and Hector, were known to all, but in modern times they are not as prevalent and thus both artists needed to adapt their approach to this tale. Homer’s Iliad delves into the ninth year of strife with Achilles and Agamemnon‘s quarrel in full effect and the GreeksRead MoreHelen Of Troy And Greek Mythology1179 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"Helen of Troy was the daughter of Zeus and Leda in Greek mythology. She has a twin sister named Clytemnestra as well as her twin brothers Castor and Pollux (Dioscuri). Helen was considered to be the most beautiful woman in the known world. As a young girl she was abducted by Theseus, who left her in the care of his mother but Helen was later rescued by her brothers when they invaded Athens. Many suitors tried to win Helen’s hand after her return and eventually Menelaus brother of Agamemnon becomeRead MoreCharacter Changes In The Iliad To Troy1558 Words   |  7 PagesIliad to Troy Narratives need to have well-developed characters. As authors and translators do revisions and translations, they often change things in a piece, most often how the plot runs and how the characters act. Greek mythology has a strong idea of what makes a hero as well as certain ideals of honor and war. This essay will be looking at the character changes of Paris of Troy -- his cowardice, unmanliness, and lack of spirit -- through the novel The Iliad, by Homer, and the movie Troy, directedRead MoreComparing Achilles And King Of Troy2072 Words   |  9 Pagesfocusing on today are that of Achilles of Greece and King Priam of Troy, and their relationship through a film medium, in the adaptation of Troy directed by Wolfgang Petersen. In this essay I will be discussing the significance of Achilles and King Priam’s relationship throughout the film of Troy, and will be doing this through evaluating the contrast of values within their relationship, discussing their significance to the story of Troy and furthermore explaining the director s purpose through their

Comparing Deception, Trickery, and Concealment in Much...

Deception, Trickery, and Concealment in Much Ado about Nothing and Macbeth William Shakespeares classic romantic comedy, Much Ado about Nothing and tragic history, Macbeth revolve around the theme of deception, trickery, and concealment. There are portrayals within these two plays that depict deception and trickery as merely harmless and even beneficial. In some cases the characters are thoroughly masked in their lies; for ill or well, they are hiding who they truly are. In other cases, the person they attempt to hide is merely obscured, the masks being only a slight deterrent from their real personalities. Sometimes they are harmless diversions; sometimes they are even beneficial tools to be utilized for ones†¦show more content†¦She professes to scorn romance in general, but her romantic side is revealed, not only when she confesses her previous love for Benedick (278-282), but in her constant support of Heros romantic attraction to Claudio at the start of the play--most notably in this scene when she encourages Hero to kiss her knew fiancà ©. Despite her earlier depiction, she is clearly hiding a more tender, even conventional side than is often assumed. Benedick is himself much like Beatrice. As she professes to scorn men and marriage, he does likewise with women. As she seems to mock and reject the common custom, so he does as well. For her every condemnation of men as undeserving of women, he has a parallel condemnation for women. He seems to be the masculine mirror of her, hiding a similarly dualistic character whose romantic side and attention to convention will become apparent once he is told that Beatrice loves him. Then he will spend his time musing on her perfection--wise as she is but for loving [him] and undeniably fair and virtuous--and writing her poetry he cannot manage to rhyme. This

Theory of Evolution †Short Essay Free Essays

How is the theory of evolution used to explain the tremendous diversity of life on Earth? Describe how variation within a population arises and how natural selection differs from artificial selection. Finally, describe how bacteria that become resistant to modern antibiotics Is a clear example of evolution In action. The theory of evolution Is used to explain the extensive diversity of life on Earth by looking at why creatures evolve. We will write a custom essay sample on Theory of Evolution – Short Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now The main reason they are able to evolve is that they have a quality that helps them survive in their environment. If two identical animals re put in very different habitats the future generations will end up with very different characteristics. For example, if a bird of multilayered origin is put in the jungle it could be said that eventually they will evolve to be a species of green birds because they have the best camouflage against predators. Natural selection Is most easily described by how a species survives because of traits dictated by their surroundings. An example of this Is an animal of prey that can run faster than Its heard, will escape a predator and live to breed In the future. The offspring will have the genes of a fast parent and likely be fast themselves therefore able to outrun the predator as well. Artificial selection is when humans interfere and only allow certain characteristics to be passed onto the next generation. An example of this is a dog breeder only breeding the dogs with the shiniest coats. The next generation will be heavily influenced to have shiny coats, an example of what they deem a valued characteristic. A very interesting way to see evolution is how bacteria are evolving to become resistant to modern antibiotics. Once thought to be the cure to many dangerous actuarial Infections antibiotics started to be handed out to Ill patients. Unfortunately, some patients are not finishing their prescribed antibiotics leaving bacteria alive In their bodies that are resistant to the drug. These mutant bacteria quickly reproduce making future generations that are immune to the antibiotics. I can utilize my knowledge of the dangers of antibiotics in my career as a nurse when I work with the elderly in a hospital. I observe that an older patient has abdominal cramping and diarrhea I will assess whether they have recently taken antibiotics because of the risk of C. Official. Being aware of this infection I can collect a stool test to diagnose it. Once diagnosed, I can instruct the patient to stop taking the antibiotic. Then I will counsel them about how C. Difficult Is related to antibiotics. To begin, when the patient takes the drug to treat an Illness It will kill off not only the bacteria making the person sick but the good bacteria found In our Intestines as well. When this Is mammals the dangerous C. Delicate can grow out of control producing toxins that attack the intestine. It is also possible that C. Difficult is becoming crucial it is to finish any prescribed medication. How to cite Theory of Evolution – Short Essay, Essays

The Baptist Faith free essay sample

Many Baptist can trace their origins to the early church, a period when churches consisted of committed worshippers who were baptized upon confession of faith as adults. Their beginnings have also been traced to medieval sects who protested against baptismal theory and practice. However, the Baptist faith is most commonly traced back to John Smyth and the Separatists who started the General Baptist Church in 1609. (McBeth) Baptist Churches did not start developing in the American colonies until mid-17th century. However, like any other religion they have their own uniqueness and pros and cons. There are several different factors that make the Baptist religion stand out from other religions. One of the main ones is the method of baptism. Some other churches baptize as infants, but the Baptist Church believe in believer’s baptism (McBeth). A believer’s baptism is an ordinance performed after a person professes Jesus Christ as Lord and Savior, and it is symbolic of the cleansing of remission of their sins. We will write a custom essay sample on The Baptist Faith or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This usually consists of lowering the candidate in water backwards, while the pastor recites the Trinitarian formula of Mathew 28:19. King James Version) Another unique factor in the formation of the Baptist Church is that with separation of church and state, early Baptists played an important role in the struggle for religious freedom. In fact, many early Baptist were imprisoned and even died for their faith. One of the important figures in this struggle was John Smyth, a former Anglican priest. He taught that true worship should be from the heart rather than reading a liturgy (McBeth). The Baptist Church still holds this view today. Believe it or not, some Baptists still have their own opinions on the reasons why Christ died for all the people or not. With so many religions out there, it is up to the individual to choose their beliefs. The Baptist religion has a rich history and its own unique set of beliefs and teachings. Some of these beliefs may be seen as positive, while others may be seen as negative. It is up to an individual to research, study and pray about which religion is right. There is only one that will fill the heart.

Free Essays on Romeo And Juliet (Shakespeares Love)

Shakespeare’s Love Love is commonly used in dramatic plays, with much descriptive narration. In Shakespeare’s play, The Tragedy of Romeo and Juliet, love is described with passionate emotion. That is what makes this play such a well-known and respected play. Shakespeare uses metaphors, similes and oxymorons in order to describe love with great passion. Metaphors play an important aspect in Shakespeare’s description of love. Metaphors can help describe how one feels about someone or something. They also can provide the reader with a mental visual of how a given character may feel. A metaphor may not always assist the reader in understanding the literal translation of the text; although it may assist the reader in better understanding the overall message through more expansion of the given character’s emotions. Romeo fervently expresses his love for Juliet through the use of metaphors. â€Å"It is the east and Juliet is the sun† (2.2.). Here, Romeo uses this metaphor to characterize his love for Juliet. He is trying to say in direct comparison that she is so incredibly beautiful that she is as bright and shining as the sun. Metaphors are not the only way to describe love although they are a very effective way of doing so. Similes are another effective way to describe love. They are not a direct comparison however they are a comparison between two objects. Shakespeare uses this method of description to portray Romeo’s feelings in diverse ways. Similes not only describe love; they also help develop a better understanding of the meaning of love. â€Å"Love goes toward love as schoolboys from their books† (2.2.). Romeo uses a comparison between these two things to describe his love for Juliet. In this quote, Romeo compares his love for Juliet to the necessity of books to a schoolboy. Similes are one of many effective ways to describing love in a colorful fashion. Oxymorons are also a very effective way to ... Free Essays on Romeo And Juliet (Shakespeare's Love) Free Essays on Romeo And Juliet (Shakespeare's Love) Shakespeare’s Love Love is commonly used in dramatic plays, with much descriptive narration. In Shakespeare’s play, The Tragedy of Romeo and Juliet, love is described with passionate emotion. That is what makes this play such a well-known and respected play. Shakespeare uses metaphors, similes and oxymorons in order to describe love with great passion. Metaphors play an important aspect in Shakespeare’s description of love. Metaphors can help describe how one feels about someone or something. They also can provide the reader with a mental visual of how a given character may feel. A metaphor may not always assist the reader in understanding the literal translation of the text; although it may assist the reader in better understanding the overall message through more expansion of the given character’s emotions. Romeo fervently expresses his love for Juliet through the use of metaphors. â€Å"It is the east and Juliet is the sun† (2.2.). Here, Romeo uses this metaphor to characterize his love for Juliet. He is trying to say in direct comparison that she is so incredibly beautiful that she is as bright and shining as the sun. Metaphors are not the only way to describe love although they are a very effective way of doing so. Similes are another effective way to describe love. They are not a direct comparison however they are a comparison between two objects. Shakespeare uses this method of description to portray Romeo’s feelings in diverse ways. Similes not only describe love; they also help develop a better understanding of the meaning of love. â€Å"Love goes toward love as schoolboys from their books† (2.2.). Romeo uses a comparison between these two things to describe his love for Juliet. In this quote, Romeo compares his love for Juliet to the necessity of books to a schoolboy. Similes are one of many effective ways to describing love in a colorful fashion. Oxymorons are also a very effective way to ...

The 5 Steps to Becoming a Lawyer Complete Guide

The 5 Steps to Becoming a Lawyer Complete Guide SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Law is one of the toughest trades to break into - there’s a lot of competition out there, and there’s a lot at stake (law school isn’t exactly cheap). If you’re interested in entering the legal profession, you should be well-informed about everything it takes to become a lawyer. Here, I’ll go through all the steps of how to become a lawyer. Before I jump into that, however, I’ll begin by touching briefly on what the job market looks like for lawyers both now and in the future. What Is the Career Outlook for Law? Before we get into exactly howto become a lawyer,I'll talk a bit about what the job is actually like before jumping into more logistical concerns (like salary and projectedjob availability). This stuff may not be particularly exciting, but it's helpful to be informed about how easy (or difficult) it'll be to find a job in the field after you're done with school. What Does a Lawyer Do? Law is a very broad profession - lawyers can do all sorts of different jobs. They may work in corporate, private, and government settings. Common responsibilities include providing legal counsel and advice, researching information or evidence, drawing up legal documents, and prosecuting/defending in court. Occupational Outlook Here's some important info about the law profession from the Bureau of Labor Statistics: 2014 Median Pay: $114,970 per year Job Outlook, 2014-2014 (i.e. the average growth in the number of jobs): 6%, which is about average across all professions The number of jobs may be projected to grow as fast as average, but there are some other important factors at play here. Namely, competition for jobs is likely to be extremely high- the number of students whograduate from law school each year is higher than the number of new jobs available. In a nutshell: the market is pretty saturated with law graduates at the moment, which means that finding and keeping a job in the field is no small feat. Even the American Bar Association started discouraging people from going to law school after the 2008 market crash - the profession is recovering very, very slowly. If you’re on the fence about law school, I’d encourage you to read this article, written by a lawyer, in the Huffington Post (fair warning, it includes plenty of colorful language). This isn’t to say that no one should become a lawyer - if you plan on pursuing this career path, however, you should be aware of all the challenges you’ll face along the way. Step 1: Excel in High School With such serious competition in the field, it’s best to take your academic performance seriously from an early age. One of the best things you can focus on is bettering your chances of getting into a great college or university. Put simply, better grades in high school → better school for your BA degree → better law school → better chances of getting a job. Law is one profession where it really matters where you go to school. Attending a top-15 law school doesn't guarantee that you'll end up with a great job, but it really helps. Attending a lower-ranked school will likely make it very difficult to find work. As such, you'll want to put yourself in the best position to succeed starting as early as high school. Follow these tips in high school to start off on the right foot: Courses There aren’t really any specific classes you can take to prep this early for law school, but you can work on developing some of those critical skills that I mentioned earlier, like writing and critical thinking. Aim to take as many advanced and/or AP courses as possible. Classes inEnglish, Government, Economics, and Math will all you well in college and law school (and will pay off even if you change your mind about becoming a lawyer). Extracurricular Activities and Leadership Extracurricular activities, volunteer work, and leadership experience all help boost your college applications. Some activities might double as a way to get a feel for the legal profession. Check out these posts for more information on these activities: Complete list of extracurriculars How to get leadership experience in your extracurriculars 9 best places to do community service If available at your school, you may want to check out Mock Trial (a club that simulates court trials),Debate, orModel UN- all of these activities help students develop writing, critical thinking, and leadership skills.If your school doesn’t have anyof these clubs, consider starting one yourself! Activities like mock trial are pretty different from what most lawyers actually do, but it's the closest you can get to legal experience in high school. Finally, high school is a good time to learn more about what being a lawyer is actually like. Here are some ways to get more hands-on experience: Shadow a lawyer. Volunteer with a local legal aid organization. Talk to any friends or family members who work in the field about how they spend their time at work, what they like/don’t like about their jobs, whether they would do anything different, etc. ACT/SAT Prep One big part of getting into a good college is doing well on your ACT or SAT. Whichever test you choose, it’s best to take it more than once - aim to take your first test fall of junior year (at the latest). Read more about: Whether to take the SAT or ACT How long you should study for the SAT or ACT Complete study guide for the SAT or ACT How to get a perfect score on the SAT or ACT College Applications If you end up at a well-ranked school, the followingsteps you’ll have to take to become a lawyer will be that much easier. Like I mentioned earlier, students at top-15 law schools have a much easier time finding a job than students at lower-ranked schools. The better your undergraduate program, the better your chances of getting into one of these top law schools. So where do you start when it comes to looking at colleges? You don’t have to look for schools with dedicated pre-law programs. In fact, some people argue that students hoping to go to law school should avoid pre-law majors altogether (I’ll talk more about this in the next section). Learn more about how and when to apply for college. Step 2: Get Involved in College You need a Bachelor’s degree at minimum in order to go on to law school, and it definitely helps if you end up at a school with a strong reputation. Once you get to college, it’s important to keep up your academic performance (your grades will be important when you apply to law school). A minimum GPA of 3.0 is required for pretty much every law school in the US, but the truth is that this probably isn’t competitive enough. Aim for 3.5+ (the higher the better). Staying on the Right Side of the Law The first thing youshould keep in mind as a college student is that any sort of criminal record may prevent you from becoming a lawyer.The American Bar Association puts aspiring lawyers through a moral character screening process (I'll speak more about this towards the end). If you’re generally honest and haven’t broken any laws, you won’t have any issues - just try to stay out of trouble as you make your way through the following steps. Choosing a Program or Major The American Bar Association (ABA) doesn’t recommend any specific major or discipline for students who hope to become lawyers.Some schools have pre-law programs, but (as I've mentioned) they’re rare and not necessary in order to get into a great law school. The most important core skills you can develop include critical thinking, logic reasoning, reading comprehension, and communication.Some majors which may prove useful for the LSAT/law school include: English Political Science Business Philosophy Psychology Math Journalism You don’t have to know exactly what kind of law you hope to go into. If you do have an idea, though, you might use that to inform your choice of major.If you're interested in corporate law, for example, you might major in Business. If you're interested in tax law, considerMath. Develop Relationships With Professors You’ll need several strong letters of recommendation from respected faculty members when you submit your law school applications - use this to motivate you to network with as many people as possible. Develop relationships with professors and mentors by going to office hours, participating in class, and taking opportunities to work on research projects. Get Involved I’ll go into more detail when I discuss law school apps, but most schools are looking for applicants whodemonstrate some sort of social and professional engagement, community service, extracurricular involvement, and/or work experience. Start by looking into volunteering with legal aid services at your university or in your neighborhood. If you'd like more ideas, check out our posts ondifferent community service opportunitiesandextracurricular activities. You can gain similar hands-on law experience by getting a student job. A position in a law firm (even in an administrative capacity) will help you get a better idea of the day-to-day work as a lawyer. A paying job also means more funds to covercollege and law school expenses. Prepare for Law School Applications You’ll have the best chances of finding a job (especially a well-paying job) after getting your J.D. if you attend a top-15 law school (remember how I talked about how competitive it is out there for new lawyers)? To optimize your chances of getting into one of these schools, start working on your apps the summer before the year you want to begin your J.D. For example,if you want to start law school right after college, start working on apps the summer before your senior year First, you should figure out whether you want to go to law school right after you graduate from college. If so, you need to plan on spending most of your senior year preparing for the LSAT and law school applications (I’ll go into more detail about the LSAT in the next section). The LSAT should be completed, and applications should be sent off the winter of your senior year if you don’t want a gap between college and law school. A small side note: there is nothing wrong with taking time off from school after college graduation. If this is what you hope to do, you can use this time to get more law experience (e.g. working as a paralegal). You'll also need to prepare those letters of recommendation - ask professors/mentors if they'd write them for you at least 12 weeks prior to application due dates. Finally, register for the LSAT, and take the exam (at the latest) in December the same year you submit your apps. Step 3: Ace the LSAT and Law School Applications The Law School Admissions Test, or LSAT, is an exam all aspiring law students must take. It’s a half-day standardized test for admission to all American Bar Association-approved law schools and serves the same purpose as the SAT and ACT when students apply to colleges. Exam scores range from 120-180 The average score is about 150 You have to score well over 160 to get into a top 25 law school The LSAT is a huge part of your law school applications - it might even be as important as your college GPA. As such, it requires that you dedicate some serious study time to the exam. The recommended study time for the LSAT is150-300 hours.This comes out to 20-25 hours a week for 2-3 months, which is obviously a serious commitment.You might want to look into a LSAT study program if you have trouble staying on track and/or motivated. The test is administered only four times a year - usually in February, June, September, and December - so plan on registering months in advance.The latest you can take the LSAT for Fall admission is December of the previous year, although it's best to take it earlier (aim for June or September). Studying for the LSAT: your new part-time job. Submitting Your Law School Applications Just like with college apps, law school apps consist of several parts. Their major components are your personal statement, LSAT score, letters of recommendation, transcripts, and resume. Let's go through what you should do to submit each of these components. I’ve already talked about the importance of preparing for the LSAT, forming relationships with profs for letters of rec, and doing well in college for a great transcript. Personal Statement Your personal statement is one of the only ways that admissions offices will get any insight into who you are and why you care about going to law school.You should write several drafts, well in advance of your application deadlines. Have a trusted prof or mentor read over your personal statement and give comments 3-4 months before the deadline. Read more about how to write a great personal statement. Resume Your personal statement may demonstrate what you think and believe, but your resume demonstrates what you actually do. According to UChicago’s Law School admissions office, schools are looking for several things in an applicant’s resume, including: Evidence of a strong work ethic Social and professional engagement Some combination of community service, extracurricular involvement, or work experience It should be polished and professional - visit your school’s career center for guidance. Submitting Your Applications All materials should be submitted by the winter before you hope to go to law school. Competition for a reputable school is tougher than it is for colleges, so you should plan on submitting more apps. Most applicants apply to at least four schools, but I would encourage you to apply to 8-10. Whatever you do, only apply to American Bar Association-approved law schools - an unapproved law school degree is basically worthless. Don’t wait until the last minute to submit all of your materials. This doesn’t leave you any extra time to fill any gaps in your application, or opportunities to fix any issues. Finally, you should be prepared for potentially uncomfortable application costs. Some applications are free, but others may cost $100 or more. It may be helpful to start budgeting for these expenses a few months before applications are due. Step 4: Earn Your JD at Law School It’ll take you three years to earn your law school degree. If you want one to find success after graduation - no matter what type of law you hope to go into - you’ve got to do well in law school. The way students are graded here is very different from how they’re graded in college. Here are some important things you should know before heading off to law school: Your first year is really important. Law firms usually hire summer associates at the beginning of the second year - at this point, only grades from your first year will be available. The type of jobs available to you as a student - and after graduation - will be heavily dependent on your grades from 1L. Your grades are mostly dependent on your exam performance. You’ll receive few (if any) graded assignments outside of your final exams. This means that it’s important to keep up with your work and your reading through the entire semester. Plan on keeping meticulous notes. You’ll be learning about a lot of cases, and it’s important that you’re able to easily access notes from class about each one. It’s not uncommon for professors to allow notes in some final exams. Many successful students form study groups to work together to share notes. Do your readings and prepare to get cold-called. Law professors are notorious for cold-calling on students in class, so you’ll want to do the reading (and take notes) prior to heading to lecture. You want to make a good impression on your profs! You'd think that acing your classes is the last big step to becoming a lawyer - but there's so much more to do. The MPRE While you’re in law school, you may have to take the MPRE (Multistate Professional Responsibility Examination), which is requiredfor admission to the bars of most states. The examination is meant to test students' knowledge and understanding of established standards related to a lawyer's professional conduct. When you need to take it, and the minimum passing score, varies based on your jurisdiction. For example, some states requireyou to pass it before you take the bar exam(sometimes months in advance). Do your research on what’s required in your jurisdiction (or where you hope to practice in the future) early on in law school. Professional Experience A big part of law school involves networking (and just plain working) in an effort to secure a job before you even graduate. You’re going to be very busy keeping up with your schoolwork, but, if possible, it’s to your advantage to work parts of possible jobs include assistant, file clerk, messenger, or intern (paid or unpaid). More importantly, you'll want to start thinking about landing those summer associate and internship positions. The best way to secure these jobs while you're in school is to network as much as possible - attend student events, communicate with your profs, and be on the lookout for recruiters. Unfortunately for students without a ton of available resources, many legal internships (even at very prestigious firms) are unpaid. Some law students take out loans, in addition to loans that they use to pay for tuition, to cover expenses associated with taking summer internships. This is important to consider as you budget for both law school and your career after you pass the bar. Be conscious of the sort of internships and associate positions you seek out for yourself. Oftentimes (if you do well), these employers will offer you a full-time job after you graduate. In fact, it’s pretty normal to have a job like this lined up in your third year of law school. To sum up: the better your grades (especially your first year), the better your summer job opportunities. The better your summer job opportunities, the more likely you are to land an awesome job after graduation. Unpaid internships are not ideal, but they may be necessary if you want to land a great job after law school. Step 5: Pass the Bar Exam In order to practice law in the US, you have to pass the Bar exam. Most students do this the summer after they graduate from law school, when information is still fresh in their minds. The exam varies by state, but some parts are standardized: MEE: Essay exam MPT: Performance Test The Bar: A separate test administered by each jurisdiction/area Mostexamslast two days total, although some states (e.g. CA) have 3-day exams. To find out more about what the exam is like in different jurisdictions, check out the National Conference of Bar Examiners’ website. Preparing for the Bar The Bar is a notoriously difficult exam. Pass rates vary by state, although some states (again, like CA) have rates as low as 46.6%. It doesn’t matter how well you do as compared to other test-takers, as long as you pass. You’ll have to prep for all areas of law that will show up on the test, even if you don’t plan on practicing in most of them. These areas include: Constitutional law Contracts Criminal law and procedure Evidence Real property Torts One expert suggested that if you’re preparing for the California Bar Exam - one of the most difficult in the country - you should study for 400 to 600 hours.If you study for 20 hours a week, that comes out to 20-30 weeks of prep time. You’ll have to start studying for the bar while you’re still a 3rd year student if you follow the traditional timeline - this may prove helpful if you’re able to form a study group with others. There are a few different ways to prep for the bar exam: Independent study. This may work for students at a well-reputed law school who are also performing well in their classes. A quality education + strong foundational knowledge are the factors that most positively affect performance on the bar, but students would still of course need to spend significant time preparing. A bar prep course. Law students commonly take prep courses when they want a solid review schedule that will keep them on track. There’s a lot of material to cover, and a good course helps you make sure there aren’t any major gaps in your knowledge of content or strategy. They can be very expensive, however - most are several thousand dollars. Check out Barbri.com, Kaptest.com, and Adaptibar.com (a less expensive, supplemental option). A private tutor. Students who attend a poorly-ranked law school, whose grades weren’t up to par, or who have failed the bar before may want to consider this option. If you choose to seek out a tutor, choose someone with glowing recommendations and years of tutoring experience - they won’t come cheap, but they’re also less likely to waste your time and money. Like I mentioned earlier, most students plan on taking the bar (in the jurisdiction they plan to practice) the summer after they graduate from law school. Read a more detailed guide onpreparing for and taking the bar exam. Final Steps: Beyond the Bar If you’ve made it this far, you know that there are so many hoops to jump through for aspiring lawyers. Once you’ve passed the bar and gotten a job, however, you should know you’re not quite done! Continuing Legal Education (CLE) is an important part of staying informed and up-to-date.Information on state-by-state requirements for CLE available through the American Bar Association. Fortunately, it’s not too big of a deal when compared to all of the education and exams you would have to endure through this point. Finally,The ABA puts aspiring lawyers through a moral character screening process. If you’re generally honest and haven’t broken any laws, you won’t have any issues.The process varies by state - see CA as an example. How to Become a Lawyer: Summary This is a ton of information to take on at once, especially if you’re at the beginning of this process (or even if you’re still unsure about becoming a lawyer). Let's review the five main steps: Do well in high school. Study hard and get involved in your community in college. Prepare for the LSAT and give careful thought to your applications. Attend law school. Pass the bar exam and become licensed to practice law. This process may feel overwhelming, but here are a few important things to keep in mind: The path to becoming a lawyer is fairly flexible until you actually have to submit law school applications. This gives you tons of time to figure out whether the path is right for you. You don’t have to think about all of these steps at the same time. Once you’re in law school, your peers will be thinking about (and worrying about) the same things - there’s no way you’ll forget any important steps. Becoming a lawyer is definitely not for everyone - it’s a particularly competitive field right now, and most lawyers’ jobs are nothing like what you see on TV. But if you decide you want to enter the legal profession, you now have the info you need to start off on the right foot. What's Next? You have a lot to think about, but remember: you just have to take it one step at a time. To give yourself a head start, think about seriously preparing to get into a great college. Read about how to get a perfect score on the ACT or the SAT, and check out our guide on how to get into an Ivy League school. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by 4 points?We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

Eco-product Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Eco-product - Essay Example The awareness is brought about by passing or disseminating large quantities of information on the effects of goods on the environment and the mitigation measures for any situations related to the goods. Therefore, it is essential that there should be good relationships between the providers of the products and the consumers to ensure the dissemination of this kind of information is done effectively. The products in discussion in this paper are cars (Johnson 280). Over the past decade the world has been hit with several climate change effects, a lot of those have been attributed to the industries, mainly to the vehicles and the fuel used by them. Other major concerns that have come up over this decade include the rise in petroleum prices. This has driven many to think of better ways to conserve energy and they have had a different perception of energy security as a whole. The current market has shifted from using petroleum to light duty vehicles. They have invented the hybrid cars which either use electricity or use very little petroleum. The dependence on petroleum products has begun to bring up major concerns especially when it comes to economic issues. The oil prices are set to go higher over the years to come. This is because the resource is also being depleted and since it is not a renewable resource. It is becoming scarce by the day. With the production of new hybrid vehicles, the usage of petroleum has dropped and the risk of climate change and global warming due to the emission of greenhouse gases has also dropped tremendously. According to the analysis, the amount of fuel being used in the United States alone has reduced dramatically. The results of the analysis show that, since the time that these vehicles entered the market, the amount of fuel that has been saved is an estimated 9 million barrels or three hundred and eighty five gallons of fuel. This simply means that more people are likely to purchase these types of vehicles

Three Views on Islamic Finance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Three Views on Islamic Finance - Essay Example They point out that it is necessary for Islamic fiancà © to avoid riba by ensuring that differed debt payments are similar to the amount of loan. Islamic finance is also perceived by some to essentially be in a transitional state as it is somewhat in disunity with Shari’ah laws and as such, there are still a number of amendments that need to be made before it can finally be considered as being a primary financial mainstream. In my opinion, I support the first postulation that points out that it has been necessary for Islamic finance to replicate some of the conventional structures (El-Gamal, 2006). This is because failure to adopt such structures will essentially result in their returning minimal profit margins. On the current trajectory pointing out that Islamic finance is currently flying high albeit on what can be considered to be borrowed wings, I am of the opinion that this statement is essentially true. The popularity of Islamic finance has seen it quickly become quite popular in Islamic countries. However, the minimal profit margins that Islamic banks stand to make due to Shari’ah policies that cause them not to maximize on interest charges means that these banks are largely expensive, and not able to effectively compete with the more conventional banks which are well established not only in Islamic countries but also in the non-Islamic countries (Henry & Wilson, 2004). Speed should never be perceived to be a virtue in the event that it is determined that Islamic banking is going in the wrong direction. This is because it will be prone to make more errors whose eventual consequences might either cripple or completely destroy its structure.

Comparison of US Bill of Rights and The Canadian Charter of Rights Essa

BACKGROUND OF THE BILL OF RIGHTS The United States Bill of Rights came into being as a result of a promise made by the Fathers of Confederation to the states during the struggle for ratification of the Constitution in 1787-88. A great number of the states made as a condition for their ratification, the addition of amendments, which would guarantee citizens protection of their rights against the central government. Thus, we have a rather interesting situation in which the entrenchment of a bill of rights in the American Constitution was done by the virtual demand of the states, they themselves fearing a central government which was not legally constrained and restricted as far as its powers were concerned. The resulting Bill of Rights is appended to the American Constitution as the first ten amendments. These amendments automatically became an integral part of the original document, making them part of ‘The Supreme Law of the Land.’ It was then actually ‘entrenched,’ as the phrase is used in Canadian terminology. The American Civil War had a very profound effect upon the American Constitution and upon American constitutionalism generally. The Civil war had indeed been fought over a question of states’ rights, among other things, and the states’ rights interpretation had actually lost and was, to a degree, a casualty of the wartime period. Further, that casualty was swiftly hammered into its coffin by three amendments which were enacted in 1865, 1868 and 1870 – the Thirteenth, Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments. The Fourteenth Amendment ultimately became the heart and soul of the modern American Constitution. Most of the legal battle’s surrounding the United States Bill of Rights have been to make it a truly national document – such that states may not violate its provisions. The Fourteenth Amendment finally made this possible. A more sudden, but perhaps equally profound event is the adoption in 1982 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. Whereas before the adoption of the Charter Canadian legislatures were supreme, having power without limit within their jurisdictions, they now have debatable supremacy within altered jurisdictions. Moreover, although no powers or rights have been explicitly ‘reserved’ to the people, supporters of the charter nevertheless appear to give Canadians hope that the possibility may exist. COMPARISON OF B... ...wo constitutional documents may be similar in respect to their provisions respecting rights, it would not necessarily follow that claims of violation of rights would receive the same response from the courts of both nations. A proper analysis of why this is so would require a book-length account of the constitutional and political history of Canada and the United States. It would include but would not be limited to the selection and role of judges, the role of legislatures and political leadership, the attitudes and practices of the police and administrative agencies, and, not least, popular attitudes towards rights, minorities, and government. In short, the whole of a people’s way of life. Bibliography McKercher, William R., ed. The U.S. Bill of Rights and the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. Toronto: Ontario Economic Council, 1983 Dumbauld, Edward. The Bill of Rights and What it Means Today Norman: University Of Oklahoma Press, 1977. Steven Talos, Michael Liepner and Gregory Dickinson. Understanding The Law Toronto: McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd, 1990. Black, Charles L. The People and the Court: Judicial Review in a Democracy New York: Macmillan, 1960. Comparison of US Bill of Rights and The Canadian Charter of Rights Essa BACKGROUND OF THE BILL OF RIGHTS The United States Bill of Rights came into being as a result of a promise made by the Fathers of Confederation to the states during the struggle for ratification of the Constitution in 1787-88. A great number of the states made as a condition for their ratification, the addition of amendments, which would guarantee citizens protection of their rights against the central government. Thus, we have a rather interesting situation in which the entrenchment of a bill of rights in the American Constitution was done by the virtual demand of the states, they themselves fearing a central government which was not legally constrained and restricted as far as its powers were concerned. The resulting Bill of Rights is appended to the American Constitution as the first ten amendments. These amendments automatically became an integral part of the original document, making them part of ‘The Supreme Law of the Land.’ It was then actually ‘entrenched,’ as the phrase is used in Canadian terminology. The American Civil War had a very profound effect upon the American Constitution and upon American constitutionalism generally. The Civil war had indeed been fought over a question of states’ rights, among other things, and the states’ rights interpretation had actually lost and was, to a degree, a casualty of the wartime period. Further, that casualty was swiftly hammered into its coffin by three amendments which were enacted in 1865, 1868 and 1870 – the Thirteenth, Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments. The Fourteenth Amendment ultimately became the heart and soul of the modern American Constitution. Most of the legal battle’s surrounding the United States Bill of Rights have been to make it a truly national document – such that states may not violate its provisions. The Fourteenth Amendment finally made this possible. A more sudden, but perhaps equally profound event is the adoption in 1982 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. Whereas before the adoption of the Charter Canadian legislatures were supreme, having power without limit within their jurisdictions, they now have debatable supremacy within altered jurisdictions. Moreover, although no powers or rights have been explicitly ‘reserved’ to the people, supporters of the charter nevertheless appear to give Canadians hope that the possibility may exist. COMPARISON OF B... ...wo constitutional documents may be similar in respect to their provisions respecting rights, it would not necessarily follow that claims of violation of rights would receive the same response from the courts of both nations. A proper analysis of why this is so would require a book-length account of the constitutional and political history of Canada and the United States. It would include but would not be limited to the selection and role of judges, the role of legislatures and political leadership, the attitudes and practices of the police and administrative agencies, and, not least, popular attitudes towards rights, minorities, and government. In short, the whole of a people’s way of life. Bibliography McKercher, William R., ed. The U.S. Bill of Rights and the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. Toronto: Ontario Economic Council, 1983 Dumbauld, Edward. The Bill of Rights and What it Means Today Norman: University Of Oklahoma Press, 1977. Steven Talos, Michael Liepner and Gregory Dickinson. Understanding The Law Toronto: McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd, 1990. Black, Charles L. The People and the Court: Judicial Review in a Democracy New York: Macmillan, 1960.

American Popular Culture In Australia Essay

The 1950s and 1960s were times of unprecedented change, and Australian society was influenced greatly by American popular culture, through various mediums, such as: music, film, television and fashion. This especially affected teenagers. It will be explained how Australian society was impacted by American popular culture, and also why American popular culture had such an affect. Australian developed its own responses to these influences, and the extent of this will also be explored. The 1950s meant the emergence of the teenager; it also brought peace and prosperity to many. And during the fifties there were far more American films released in Australia, and they became more popular than many Australian films. Films were of great influence to the youth of the 1960s, films such as The Wild One and Rebel Without A Cause showed a new type of teenager, one who was not only different, but was rebellious. This new view of what a teenager could be gave birth to the idea of â€Å"bodgies† and â€Å"widgies† which is what many teenagers became known as during the fifties. These â€Å"bodgies† and â€Å"widgies† were greatly influenced by the culture of rock-‘n’-roll music. The term â€Å"Rock-‘n’-Roll† was invented in the mid 1950s for a new and exciting music. This type of music was to become popular beyond belief, it not only began to dominate the tastes of America’s youth, and it soon became the popular music of choice for youths throughout Australia, too. Popular artists such as Elvis Presley and Bill Haley and the comets were among the top entertainers influencing Australia’s impressionistic youth. The lifestyle trends of Australia were also, to a great extent, impacted by the trends of America. During the 1950s the lifestyle of a typical American was very different to that of a person during the forties. The lifestyle was more laidback, mainly due to the end of the war; people believed that they were entering a new age, where anything was possible. Australia followed Americas lead, and many of their lifestyles changed with the Americans. By the late 1950s, television was the most important form of mass entertainment and culture; it had become an important part of many people’s lives. Through television Australia saw the American life, and then modelled (to a certain  extent), parts of their lives on what they saw of the American lifestyle. During the 1960s, Australian society remained hugely affected by American popular culture. And although the culture of the youth was no where near as strong or powerful as it was in America, Australia was, to a great extent influenced by what was happening in America at the time. What happened in America was almost always mirrored by Australian teens (although to a smaller extent). Fashion-wise, the sixties saw the flowering of the Hippie Movement. All of a sudden the tight black pants, bright socks and hair grease of the fifties were gone, and in came the mini-skirt, velvet pants and paisley shirts. As American teenagers began to grow their hair longer and longer, it seemed Australian teenagers opted to follow this new trend. Films took on a new genre; the films of the sixties began to portray the story much more realistically. Blockbusters such as Easy Rider were on the scene. In the film industry in the sixties Britain tended to lead, but America adjusted, and Australian society continued to follow. Of course, there is one aspect of the sixties, which will remain in everybody’s mind forever: Psychedelia. A style like no other. It was a period like no other, a world of hallucinogenic drugs, swirling shaped and luminous colours. It was LSD, which provided the mental and visual stimulus behind psychedelia. Psychedelic patterns and colours quickly found their way in to mass-produced fabrics and clothes. Psychedelia also influenced the music industry significantly, with great bands such as the Beatles producing songs such as Lucy in the Sky With Diamonds with thinly disguised references to drugs. The Beatles were hugely popular in Australia as well, and it was the Beatles tour of Australia in 1964, which proved just how much this American pop group influenced these Australian citizens. During the tour parents and police were ignored, and Australian teenagers were lapping it up, the overseas excitement was finally there for then to fully be a part of. But the psychedelic styles of the sixties were so strong and unsympathetic to  other styles that it was inevitable that Psychedelia departed as quickly as it arrived. The fifties and sixties were completely different in so many ways; the times had changed a lot in the transition of decades. The types of music, for one, were in great contrast. By the sixties the rock-‘n’-roll and pelvic thrusting of the fifties had transformed into the pop, rock and folk music of the likes of the Beatles, the Rolling Stones and Bob Dylan. Teenagers changed a lot over the two decades a lot, too. The tight pant, leather jacket bodgies, with their greased hair, and the widgies, with their rope petticoats and flared dresses, were replaced by the teenagers of the Psychedelic era. These teenagers preferred the swirled shapes and bright colours, with their newly found mini-skirts, and for the guys it was paisley shirts. Although the two decades were different in themselves, there is still a parallel running between the two. Both were times of change, with popular culture culminated for the newly recognised youth, each decade had their own brand of pop music, and their own brand of teenagers. However, the teenagers of the sixties, despite the overuse of drugs, remained a lot more politically minded, by holding many war protests, for example. The fifties played home to a time where the brand teenager was first recognised, and the sixties were a carry on from this, an expansion where teenagers gained more and more out of life and the world. We have seen how Australian society was influenced by American popular culture in the fifties, now the question is why. There were many factors that contributed to this sudden change in ideals. One of the main factors involved was the end of WWII, WWII had brought America to Australia, it became one of Australia’s major trading partners, and our major investor. Economically and culturally we identified with America. Also, following the war communications around the world had been significantly improved, thus giving Australia greater opportunities to be connected with America, and therefore see and â€Å"copy† (in a way), just what they were doing. Another  factor of significant importance is the impact that television had on society overall. With the intervention of television Australian’s had a clear and self-evident view of America, as many of the programs shown on Australian television were in fact American. With more and more people seeing these programs the excitement grew and the popular culture of American society grew in Australia. Through the passage of time Australian culture absorbs these aspects of American culture and they become linked with our identity. The reasons for why Australia was impacted so greatly in the sixties can be traced back through the fifties. As the fifties went on America seemed to continue to dominate more and more. And by the time it reached the sixties there was an abundance of America programming on Australian television and radio, which influenced many young, impressionably minds. Another main factor was that Australia’s economy had substantially increased by the sixties, due significantly to such Government programs as the Assisted Immigration Scheme. With more money to spend, many Australian youths put their money to items, which then enforced pop culture, such as CDs and popular fashions of the time. But it all came down to the fact that America sells its culture and products to the world and teenagers in the western world are vulnerable to advertising. And perhaps the most important factor in all this was the Vietnam War. Many soldiers spent their R&R time in Australia. This impacted greatly upon the youth of Australia because many servicemen brought with them their own music and style which influenced the society that they brought it to. Of course, Australia didn’t just sit back and watch the excitement unfold, Australian society had their own responses to the latest trends. The culture, of course, in Australia was no where near as strong as that in America at the time. But still, in many ways Australia decided to copy the popular trends of the time, but in many other ways they had their own. Young Australians formed their own gangs, made up of â€Å"bodgies† who wore tight black pants and greased their hair and their female counterparts â€Å"widgies† who wore rope petticoats and flared dresses, throughout the fifties these groups became increasingly violent. These groups were in response to such  American hits as Rebel Without A Cause and The Wild One. The way that media targeted teenagers and advertising gave them a larger opportunity to get involved with the latest popular trends. Because teenagers got more money they had the means to respond to this advertising in the sixties. They had the means to be a part of Psychedelia (to a small extent). We can see from all this that the fifties were a big turning point for Australian society. This was the time were American had first been brought to Australia, until the 1950s Australia had not had as much contact with America. But through means of television and improved communications American popular culture influenced Australian society a great amount, in music, film, lifestyle and fashion. This same thing worked through the sixties, Australian society remaining significantly impacted upon by American popular culture, and we can see that still today we are affected to a certain extent, by American Popular culture.

Advertisements Are Empowering Women And Making Money For...

It is worldwide known issue that advertisements portraying women a certain way which causes body image issues. It has been researched and discussed in the media on ways to change this unrealistic body image we expect women to have when selling products. The thing is, did you know that not only using women as sex objects in ads is causing a body image epidemic, it is causing companies to lose money. â€Å"Femvertsing† is what advertising companies need to start doing. â€Å"Femvertising defined by moderator Samantha Skey, as profemale messaging within advertising† (Bahadur, 2014). Femvertising is the new wave that all companies need to catch on to. Companies that created ads empowering women increased sales. In the article â€Å"’Femvertisng’ Ads Are Empowering Women – And Making Money For Brands† discusses a poll that was taken and the effects of femvertisng: In this climate, â€Å"femvertisng† ads are well-received: 51 percent of women polled like pro-female ads because they believe they break down gender-equality barriers, and 71 percent of respondents think brands should be responsible for using advertising to promote positive messages to women and girls. The survey also showed that femvertisng pays off for brands – 52 percent of women polled had purchased a product because they liked the way the ads portrayed women. Advertising is all about creating something to try and sell a product. 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